XSLT
XSLT ist Bestandteil von XSL. XSLT steht für EXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations und dient der Transformation von z.B. XML-Dateien in anderen XML-Dateien oder HTML-Dateien.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Deklaration
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
oder
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsl:transform version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
XSLT Elements
<xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="/"> => heisst gesamtes Dokument
- Syntax
<xsl:template name="name" match="pattern" mode="mode" priority="number"> <!-- Content:(<xsl:param>*,template) --> </xsl:template>
- Attributes
| Attribute | Value | Optional | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| name | name | yes | Name für das Template. Wichtig: Wenn nicht angegeben, dann muss ein match-Attribut definiert werden! |
| match | pattern | yes | Pattern (XPath), dass zutreffen muss. Wichtig: Wenn nicht angegeben, dann muss ein name-Attribut definiert werden! |
| mode | mode | yes | Mit dem mode-Attribut kann man verschiedene Templates mit gleichem Namen definieren und trotzdem auseinander halten. |
| priority | number | yes | Eine Nummer, die die Priorität angibt. |
<xsl:apply-templates>
Apply-Templates on w3cschools.com
- Syntax
<xsl:apply-templates select="expression" mode="name"> <!-- Content:(xsl:sort|xsl:with-param)* --> </xsl:apply-templates>
- Attributes
| Attribute | Value | Optional | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| select | expression | yes | Ist eine XPath Expression (node-set-expression). * heisst alle nodes. Wenn nicht angegeben, werden alle Kinder-Nodes ausgewählt. |
| mode | name | yes | Ist eine Möglichkeit, templates mit selben Namen zu unterscheiden. |
<xsl:output>
- Syntax
<xsl:output method="xml|html|text|name" version="string" encoding="string" omit-xml-declaration="yes|no" standalone="yes|no" doctype-public="string" doctype-system="string" cdata-section-elements="namelist" indent="yes|no" media-type="string"/>
- Attributes
| Attribute | Value | Optional | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| method | xml|html| text|name |
yes | Defines the output format. The default is XML (but if the first child of the root node is <html> and there are no preceding text nodes, then the default is HTML) Netscape 6 only supports "html" and "xml" |
| version | string | yes | Sets the W3C version number for the output format (only used with method="html" or method="xml") |
| encoding | string | yes | Sets the value of the encoding attribute in the output |
| omit‑xml‑declaration | yes|no | yes | "yes" specifies that the XML declaration (<?xml...?>) should be omitted in the output. "no" specifies that the XML declaration should be included in the output. The default is "no" |
| standalone | yes|no | yes | "yes" specifies that a standalone declaration should occur in the output. "no" specifies that a standalone declaration should not occur in the output. The default is "no"
This attribute is not supported by Netscape 6 |
| doctype‑public | string | yes | Sets the value of the PUBLIC attribute of the DOCTYPE declaration in the output |
| doctype‑system | string | yes | Sets the value of the SYSTEM attribute of the DOCTYPE declaration in the output |
| cdata‑section‑elements | namelist | yes | A white-space separated list of elements whose text contents should be written as CDATA sections |
| indent | yes|no | yes | "yes" indicates that the output should be indented according to its hierarchic structure. "no" indicates that the output should not be indented according to its hierarchic structure.
This attribute is not supported by Netscape 6 |
| media‑type | string | yes | Defines the MIME type of the output. The default is "text/xml"
This attribute is not supported by Netscape 6 |
<xsl:preserve-space> / <xsl:strip-space>
Artikel noch nicht fertig
- The
<xsl:preserve-space>element is used to define the elements for which white space should be preserved. - The
<xsl:strip-space>element is used to define the elements for which white space should be removed.
- Note
- Preserving white space is the default setting, so using the <xsl:preserve-space> element is only necessary if the <xsl:strip-space> element is used.
- Note
- The <xsl:preserve-space> element and the <xsl:strip-space> element are top-level elements.
syntax:
<xsl:preserve-space elements="list-of-element-names"/> <xsl:strip-space elements="list-of-element-names"/>
example:
<xsl:preserve-space elements="div a span" /> <xsl:strip-space elements elements="th td" />
- Attributes
| Attribute | Value | Optional | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| elements | list-of-element-names | no | A white space separated list of element names for which white space should be preserved/removed.
Note: The list can also contain "*" and "prefix:*" so that all elements or all elements from a particular namespace can be joined. |
<xsl:key>
Artikel noch nicht fertig
- The
<xsl:key>element is a top-level element which declares a named key that can be used in the style sheet with the key() function. - Note: A key does not have to be unique!
syntax:
<xsl:key name="name" match="pattern" use="expression"/>
- example
Suppose you have an XML file called "persons.xml":
<persons> <person name="Tarzan" id="050676"/> <person name="Donald" id="070754"/> <person name="Dolly" id="231256"/> </persons>
You can define a key in an XSL file like this:
<xsl:key name="preg" match="person" use="@id"/>
To find the person with id="050676", write (in the XSL file):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:key name="preg" match="person" use="@id"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <xsl:for-each select="key('preg','050676')"> <p> Id: <xsl:value-of select="@id"/><br /> Name: <xsl:value-of select="@name"/> </p> </xsl:for-each> </body> </html> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet>
- Attributes
| Attribute | Value | Optional | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| name | name | no | Specifies the name of the key |
| match | pattern | no | Defines the nodes to which the key will be applied |
| use | expression | no | The value of the key for each of the nodes |
<xsl:include> / <xsl:import>
syntax:
<xsl:import href="URI"/>
<xsl:include href="URI"/>
<xsl:include> allows you to include one stylesheet into another. The included stylesheet's templates will have the same default priorities and import precedence as the including stylesheet. <xsl:import> offers the same, but the import precedence of elements in an imported stylesheet is always less than that of the importing stylesheet.
example:
- Attributes
| Attribute | Value | Optional | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| href | URI | yes | Specifies the URI of the style sheet to import/include. |
<xsl:value-of>
- Kurzform einer Ausgabe
- Erfolgt die Ausgabe innerhalb von Attributen kann man anstelle eines value-of's eine geschweifte Klammer verwenden.
Beispiel Kurzform:
<xsl:template match="img">
<img src="{src}" alt="{@alt}"/>
</xsl:template>
Ist etwas eleganter als die längere Lösung (Ein kleiner Tipp: Sie könnten gar nicht <img name="<xsl:value-of select="."/>"/> verwenden weil Tags grundsätzlich beendet (nicht geschlossen) sein müssen wenn man eine XSL:value-of-Ausgabe anfängt. Sie müssten mit <xsl:element> arbeiten).
<xsl:variable>
- Variablen sind read-only. Einmal beschrieben lassen sie sich nicht mehr ändern.
- Die variable ist global wenn sie ein top-level element ist, und lokal wenn sie in einem template deklariert ist.
- Wenn man den attribut select verwendet, kann man nichts mehr in die variable schreiben ()
Syntax:
<xsl:variable name="name" select="expression"> </xsl:variable>
<xsl:when>
The <xsl:when> element is used to specify an action for the <xsl:choose> element. The <xsl:when> element evaluates an expression, and if it returns true, an action is performed.
Note: The <xsl:when> element is used in conjunction with <xsl:choose> and <xsl:otherwise> to express multiple conditional tests.
Syntax:
<xsl:when test="boolean-expression"> </xsl:when> >
Output
Normalerweise schützt (escaped) die xml-Ausgabemethode & und < (und möglicherweise andere Zeichen) bei der Ausgabe von Textknoten.
Falls dies nicht erwünscht ist, kann man es mit disable-output-escaping="yes" deaktivieren.
Beispiel:
<xsl:text disable-output-escaping="yes"><</xsl:text>
erzeugt <.
disable output escaping Deutsch
Externe Links
Tutorials
